Risk factors for H5N1 AI in US turkey farms
The 2022–2023 outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in the United States (U.S.) stands as the largest and most expensive animal health crisis in the country's history. Approximately 70% of the commercial farms affected by this outbreak are turkey farms.
A recent study has identified potential risk factors associated with the introduction of the HPAI virus into commercial meat turkey operations. Data were gathered from 66 case farms and 59 control farms spanning across 12 states. Factors linked to an elevated risk of infection include being located within an existing control zone, housing both brooders and growers, having toms, observing wild waterfowl or shorebirds in the nearest field (within 320m of the farm), and utilizing rendering for the disposal of dead birds. Protective measures encompassed having restroom facilities, including portable ones, accessible to visiting crews, as well as workers having access to and utilizing a shower when entering a designated barn at least occasionally.
The results of the study provide a more comprehensive understanding of the risk factors associated with HPAI infection. These findings can serve as valuable insights for shaping prevention and control strategies aimed at mitigating HPAI on turkey farms in the United States.
